Explain how the process of mandatory spending is different from discretionary spending
Mandatory spending refers to government spending that is required by law and is typically set to provide certain benefits or services to specific populations or groups. These programs are often referred to as entitlement programs because individuals who meet specific criteria are entitled to receive benefits. Examples of mandatory spending programs include Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid.
On the other hand, discretionary spending refers to government spending that is determined through the annual budget appropriations process. These funds can be allocated to various government programs and agencies based on the priorities of the current administration and Congress. Examples of discretionary spending include defense, education, housing, and transportation.
One of the main differences between mandatory and discretionary spending is that mandatory spending is required by law and cannot be easily adjusted or cut unless there is a change in the underlying legislation. Discretionary spending, on the other hand, can be adjusted annually through the budget process to reflect changing priorities and needs. Additionally, mandatory spending tends to make up a larger portion of the federal budget compared to discretionary spending, which is usually a smaller percentage of total spending.