What two factors are negatively affected coral reefs due to climate change
1. Ocean acidification: As levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increase, much of it is absorbed by the ocean, leading to a decrease in pH levels. This change in chemistry can weaken coral skeletons and make it more difficult for corals to build their calcium carbonate structures, ultimately leading to weaker and more fragile reefs.
2. Ocean warming: Rising sea temperatures can stress coral reefs, causing coral bleaching events where corals expel the algae living in their tissues, leaving them devoid of color and energy. If bleaching events are severe and prolonged, corals may die off, leading to the degradation of reef ecosystems. Additionally, warmer waters can also lead to increased instances of coral diseases, further weakening reef health.