Describe myeoma and its risk factors
Myeloma, also known as multiple myeloma, is a type of cancer that develops in the plasma cells, which are a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight infections. In myeloma, these plasma cells become cancerous and multiply uncontrollably, crowding out normal, healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.
The exact cause of myeloma is not known, but there are certain risk factors that may increase the likelihood of developing the disease. These risk factors include:
1. Age: Myeloma is more common in older individuals, with the majority of cases occurring in people over the age of 65.
2. Gender: Men are slightly more likely to develop myeloma than women.
3. Race: African Americans are at a higher risk of developing myeloma compared to individuals of other racial/ethnic backgrounds.
4. Family history: Having a close family member, such as a parent or sibling, with myeloma may increase your risk of developing the disease.
5. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS): MGUS is a condition where there is an abnormal protein in the blood, which can sometimes progress to myeloma.
6. Exposure to radiation or certain chemicals: Prolonged exposure to high levels of radiation or certain chemicals, such as benzene, may increase the risk of developing myeloma.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not guarantee the development of myeloma, and many individuals with the disease do not have any known risk factors. If you are concerned about your risk of developing myeloma, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance.