Use the information below and your knowledge of science to answer the three questions that follow. Vehicle 1 Mass = 1,500 kg Velocity = 15 m/s Vehicle 2 Mass = 1,500 kg Velocity = 20 m/s Vehicle 3 Mass = 2,000 kg Velocity = 15 m/s 1. Calculate the amount of force acting on Vehicle 1 if it crashes into a bus and it takes 0.01 seconds for Vehicle 1 to come to a stop upon collision. a. Step 1: Calculate the acceleration of the vehicle as its velocity changes from 15 to 0 m/s in 0.01 seconds. b. Step 2: Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion to determine the force exerted by the vehicle on the bus during the crash. c. Step 3: Apply Newton’s Third Law of Motion to determine the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle. d. Step 4: Calculate the acceleration of the bus given its mass is 2,000 kg. e. Step 5: After the collision, will the velocity be increasing, decreasing, or constant? Why? written like a 8th grader
a. Step 1: To calculate acceleration, we use the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
acceleration = (0 m/s - 15 m/s) / 0.01 s
acceleration = -1500 m/s²
b. Step 2: Using Newton's Second Law of Motion (Force = mass x acceleration), we can determine the force:
Force = 1500 kg x (-1500 m/s²)
Force = -2250000 N
c. Step 3: According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle will be equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force exerted by the vehicle on the bus.
d. Step 4: The acceleration of the bus can be calculated using the formula:
acceleration = force / mass
acceleration = -2250000 N / 2000 kg
acceleration = -1125 m/s²
e. Step 5: After the collision, the velocity of the bus will be decreasing because it experienced an acceleration in the opposite direction of its initial motion.
Overall, the force acting on Vehicle 1 during the crash is -2250000 N and the acceleration of the bus is -1125 m/s².