Which of the following is an example of an investment scam?

- A scammer sends an e-mail pretending to be from the IRS so that the mark will click a link and divulge some personal information.
- A scammer pretending to be a contractor knocks on the mark’s door and lies about noticing that the house’s roof needs repairs.
- A scammer offers to buy an item at a yard sale but accidently writes the check for too much money, so the scammer asks for the change back in cash.

- A scammer owns a restaurant that is about to go bankrupt and sells partial ownership of it to several unsuspecting marks.

The last example is an example of an investment scam.