2. These organisms do not share a common ancestor. Why would these animals have appendages look so similar?

One possible explanation for these animals having similar appendages despite not sharing a common ancestor is convergent evolution. Convergent evolution occurs when different species independently evolve similar traits or characteristics in response to similar environmental pressures or challenges. In this case, the animals with similar appendages may have evolved them to serve a similar function, such as locomotion or predation, due to similar ecological niches or selective pressures in their respective environments. As a result, these unrelated animals may have ended up with similar appendages through convergent evolution, despite not sharing a common evolutionary history.