This cactus is able to survive and reproduce in a very dry environment. Identify the structures that this plant possesses to help it reproduce. Explain how those structures help fertilization to occur. What adaptations does the cactus have to help it survive in such a harsh environment?
The cactus possesses flowers that are integral in its reproduction process. The flowers have reproductive organs such as stamens (male parts) and pistils (female parts) which help in the fertilization process.
Pollination in cacti is primarily done by bees, birds, bats, and other pollinators that are attracted to the flowers. These pollinators carry pollen from one cactus flower to another, facilitating fertilization. Once the pollen reaches the pistil of the flower, fertilization occurs, leading to the development of seeds within the fruit of the cactus.
To survive in a harsh and dry environment, cacti have evolved several adaptations. One key adaptation is their succulent stems which store water to withstand long periods of drought. Their spines reduce water loss by providing shade and reducing air flow around the plant. Cacti also have a shallow and extensive root system that allows them to quickly absorb water during rare rainfall events. Additionally, their waxy outer layer helps to prevent water loss through evaporation. These adaptations allow cacti to thrive in arid environments where other plants would struggle to survive.