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1The three main categories of fossil fuels are petroleum, natural gas, and coal. 2Each type of fossil fuel has benefits and drawbacks.
3Natural gas and liquid petroleum, also called oil or crude oil, are pumped up from deep underground using wells. 4Wells could be on land or on the ocean floor. 5A special process called fracking is sometimes used. 6This involves pumping a solution into cracks in rocks deep underground to make it easier to retrieve the oil and natural gas trapped there. 7Solid coal is mined from strip mines, pit mines, or underground mines.
8At least in the short term, natural gas, liquid petroleum, and coal are relatively abundant in the US. 9Many electricity generation plants in the US use natural gas or coal, so the infrastructure for harnessing the energy from these fossil fuels is already well developed. 10Indeed, much of the US infrastructure, especially regarding transportation needs, is designed to use products made from oil. 11Products made from oil can be burned and used to provide energy to turn engines, such as in most cars. 12In addition, many plastic products are made from oil and natural gas.
13However, coal, natural gas, and oil are all nonrenewable, non-sustainable resources. 14Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases. 15Oil rigs are very dangerous places to work. 16Oil spills on land can contaminate soil and groundwater. 17Oil spills in the ocean can contaminate water and living things for thousands of miles. 18Explosions can happen at the facilities where oil and natural gas are pumped from wells. 19Strip mining, pit mining, and mountaintop removal all remove large amounts of vegetation and soil, and they damage the ecosystem. 20Runoff from mining locations can pollute waterways.
21In addition to environmental concerns, there are also social and political issues associated with fossil fuels. 22Many countries rely heavily on importing oil, which can lead to dependence on other nations for energy. 23The extraction and transportation of fossil fuels can also lead to conflicts over land rights and resources. 24Furthermore, the economic stability of regions can be heavily dependent on the price of oil and natural gas. 25As the world moves towards more sustainable energy sources, the future of fossil fuels remains uncertain. 26It is important to continue research and development of alternative energy sources to lessen our dependence on fossil fuels and reduce their negative impacts on the environment.
3. Where would be the best place in the passage to add this new sentence?
(1 point)
Responses
in the paragraph with sentences 1 and 2
in the paragraph with sentences 1 and 2
in the paragraph with sentences 3 through 7
in the paragraph with sentences 3 through 7
in the paragraph with sentences 8 through 12
in the paragraph with sentences 8 through 12
in the paragraph with sentences 13 through 20