Compare Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome separate:
Government: What was the structure and what were the main principles of each civilization's government?
Ancient Greece had a system of city-states, with each city-state having its own independent government. The main principles of government in ancient Greece were democracy, oligarchy, and tyranny. The most well-known city-state with a democratic government was Athens, where citizens had the right to vote and participate in the political process. Sparta, on the other hand, was an oligarchy ruled by a small group of military elites. Tyranny was also present in some city-states, where power was seized by a single ruler.
Ancient Rome, on the other hand, started as a monarchy before transitioning to a republic and eventually an empire. In the early stages of Roman government, the Republic was established with a system of checks and balances, where power was divided between the Senate, consuls, and other elected officials. The main principles of government in ancient Rome were the rule of law, representation, and the protection of individual rights. However, as Rome evolved into an empire, power became more concentrated in the hands of the emperor.
Overall, while both civilizations had different structures of government, the main principles of government in ancient Greece were democracy, oligarchy, and tyranny, while ancient Rome had a system of checks and balances, representation, and protection of individual rights.