passage: 1The three main categories of fossil fuels are petroleum, natural gas, and coal. 2Each type of fossil fuel has benefits and drawbacks.3Natural gas and liquid petroleum, also called oil or crude oil, are pumped up from deep underground using wells. 4Wells could be on land or on the ocean floor. 5A special process called fracking is sometimes used. 6This involves pumping a solution into cracks in rocks deep underground to make it easier to retrieve the oil and natural gas trapped there. 7Solid coal is mined from strip mines, pit mines, or underground mines.8At least in the short term, natural gas, liquid petroleum, and coal are relatively abundant in the US. 9Many electricity generation plants in the US use natural gas or coal, so the infrastructure for harnessing the energy from these fossil fuels is already well developed. 10Indeed, much of the US infrastructure, especially regarding transportation needs, is designed to use products made from oil. 11Products made from oil can be burned and used to provide energy to turn engines, such as in most cars. 12In addition, many plastic products are made from oil and natural gas.13However, coal, natural gas, and oil are all nonrenewable, non-sustainable resources. 14Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases. 15Oil rigs are very dangerous places to work. 16Oil spills on land can contaminate soil and groundwater. 17Oil spills in the ocean can contaminate water and living things for thousands of miles. 18Explosions can happen at the facilities where oil and natural gas are pumped from wells. 19Strip mining, pit mining, and mountaintop removal all remove large amounts of vegetation and soil, and they damage the ecosystem. 20Runoff from mining locations can pollute waterways.
1. which one of the following would be the best title for the passage
a why we should stop using fossil fuels
b the causes and effets of green house gases
c fossil fuels are always helpful
d a comparison of the benefits and drawbacks of fossil fuels
2. in the passage each sentence is numbered at the beggining of the sentence. categrosie each of the following sentences according to the type of information it presents:
sentence 3 =
sentence 7 =
sentence 8 =
sentence 11 =
sentence 14 =
sentence 20 =
category 1 - general information about fossil fuels
category 2 - benefits ros of fossil fuels
category 3 - drawbacks / cons of fossil fuels
3. where would be the best place in the passage to add this new sentence: the burning of fossil fuels can contribute t the formation of acid rain.
a in the paragraph wiht sentences 1, 2
b in the paragratph with the sentences 3, 7
c in the aragraph with sentences 8 through 12
d in the paragraph with sentences 13 throguh 20
4. match the terms with their best defenitons:
renewable =
nonrenewable =
sustanible =
options: 1 - a resource that will run out or cannot be replaced as fast as used
2 - a resource that will never run out or can be replaced naturally on a human timescale
3 - a resource that will last for a long time can be used to fufill needs and dosent harm the enviorment when used.
5. catergorise each of the following resorces as renewable or nonrenewable
solar energy
soil
minerals
wind enegery
6. Box a = compisiotn of soil Box b = importance of soil Box c = threats to soil What should the title be of this ?
a - fossil fuels
b - soil
c - resources
d - science project
7. for each statement decide wherther the information is accurate or inacurate if the information is accurate decide where the stament should be placed on the infographic there may be more than one correct staement in a box.
forms very quickly =
may take thousands of years to form =
acts as a filter to remove contaiment form groundwater =
supporets biodiversity and agricuture =
does not support life =
made only of rock =
made of weathered rock mixed with an organic matireal =
erosion and poor land managment =
options:
not correct
correct for box a
correct for box c
correct for box b
article: Geological processes, such as the moving of tectonic plates and the eruption of volcanoes, can impact where resources such as minerals and fossil fuels are formed. Some resources, such as fossil fuels and mineral ore deposits, are formed along plate boundaries but later are moved to new locations as the plates continue to move. Likewise, different types of soil are formed by the geological processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition. Weathering of different types of rocks occurs when those rocks are broken into smaller pieces, and then the erosion and deposition of the small pieces of weathered rock result in their placement in new areas. The different types of weathered rock mix with different types of organic matter to form soils with different compositions.
8. after reading the short article complete this analasys comapring and contrasting the formation of minerals and fossil fuels wiht the formation of soil.
The formation of minerals the formation of fossil fuels and the formation of soil have an important --- all are distributed by ---- proscessed however different processed are result in uneven distuebiton of the rescoure. plate ---- can move fossil fuels deposits and mieral ore deposits far from previous plate bondaries while --- result in the formation of different soil types in different locations.
choices to fill the blanks = bondaries. climate. weathering, erosion and deposition. geological. tectionics. similarity. difference.
9. explain how there can be mineral deposits located far from current plate boundaires.
a - deposits were moved to new underground locations my early miners
b - have no geoligcal explenation
c - mineral deposits were formed by weathering, erosion, and deposition.
d - were moved away from plates as the plates moved and collided over many years.
1. d - a comparison of the benefits and drawbacks of fossil fuels
2.
- sentence 3 = general information about fossil fuels
- sentence 7 = benefits/ pros of fossil fuels
- sentence 8 = general information about fossil fuels
- sentence 11 = benefits/ pros of fossil fuels
- sentence 14 = drawbacks/ cons of fossil fuels
- sentence 20 = drawbacks/ cons of fossil fuels
3. d - in the paragraph with sentences 13 through 20
4.
renewable = 2 - a resource that will never run out or can be replaced naturally on a human timescale
nonrenewable = 1 - a resource that will run out or cannot be replaced as fast as used
sustainable = 3 - a resource that will last for a long time, can be used to fulfill needs, and doesn't harm the environment when used
5.
- solar energy = renewable
- soil = renewable
- minerals = nonrenewable
- wind energy = renewable
6. b - soil
7.
- forms very quickly = correct for box a
- may take thousands of years to form = correct for box a
- acts as a filter to remove contaminants from groundwater = correct for box b
- supports biodiversity and agriculture = correct for box b
- does not support life = not correct
- made only of rock = not correct
- made of weathered rock mixed with an organic material = correct for box c
- erosion and poor land management = correct for box c
8. The formation of minerals, the formation of fossil fuels, and the formation of soil have an important similarity - all are distributed by geological processes. However, different processes result in uneven distribution of the resource. Plate tectonics can move fossil fuel deposits and mineral ore deposits far from previous plate boundaries, while weathering, erosion, and deposition result in the formation of different soil types in different locations.
9. d - mineral deposits were moved away from plates as the plates moved and collided over many years.