Over an extended period of time, what would most likely happen to a population of squirrels separated by a river at the bottom of an 1800-meter-deep canyon?
Over an extended period of time, the population of squirrels separated by a river at the bottom of an 1800-meter-deep canyon would likely undergo genetic divergence and speciation. The physical barrier of the river and canyon would prevent individuals from crossing and mating with individuals on the other side, leading to limited gene flow between the two populations. Over time, random genetic mutations, natural selection, and genetic drift would lead to differences accumulating between the two populations, eventually resulting in separate species.
Additionally, the different environmental conditions on either side of the canyon could drive further divergence between the populations. The squirrels on one side of the canyon may adapt to the specific challenges and resources of their side, leading to the development of unique traits and behaviors. As these differences accumulate, the populations may become increasingly distinct and eventually evolve into separate species that are no longer able to interbreed.
Overall, the population of squirrels separated by a river at the bottom of an 1800-meter-deep canyon would most likely undergo genetic divergence and speciation over an extended period of time due to limited gene flow and the influence of different environmental conditions on either side of the barrier.