what is the function of the couplet to the three quatrains in an english sonnet

The couplet in an English sonnet serves to provide a resolution or conclusion to the themes or ideas presented in the three quatrains that come before it. It often offers a twist, a surprising turn of thought, or a summary of the main points made in the preceding lines. The couplet brings closure to the poem and helps to tie together the various strands of thought or emotion that have been explored throughout the sonnet.