How would you prepare 1 M HCl solution from a 37.5
% concentrated HCl stock solution. The density of the
concentrated HCl is 1.189 g/mL
To prepare a 1 M HCl solution from a 37.5% concentrated HCl stock solution, we first need to calculate how much of the concentrated HCl solution we need to add to achieve a final 1 M concentration.
Step 1: Determine the molarity of the concentrated HCl solution:
The density of the concentrated HCl solution is given as 1.189 g/mL. Since the percentage concentration of the solution is 37.5%, this means that there are 37.5 g of HCl in 100 g of the solution.
Using the formula:
% concentration = (mass of solute / total mass of solution) x 100
we can calculate the mass of HCl present in 100 g of the concentrated solution:
37.5 = (mass of HCl / 100) x 100
mass of HCl = 37.5 g
Now, we can calculate the molarity of the concentrated HCl solution:
Molarity = (mass of solute) / (molar mass x volume of solution)
Molarity = (37.5 g) / (36.46 g/mol x 1 L)
Molarity = 1.028 M
Step 2: Calculate the volume of concentrated HCl solution required:
Since we need to make a 1 M solution, we need to dilute the concentrated HCl solution. Using the formula:
M1V1 = M2V2
1.028 M x V1 = 1 M x 1 L
V1 = 0.971 L
Therefore, you would need to measure out 971 mL of the 37.5% concentrated HCl solution and dilute it to 1 L with distilled water to prepare a 1 M HCl solution.