Think about the Brown v. Board of Education.
● What type of segregation was addressed in this case?
● What was declared illegal by the Supreme Court decision in this case?
The Brown v. Board of Education case addressed racial segregation in public schools. The Supreme Court decision declared legally mandated racial segregation in public schools to be illegal, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. The Court ruled that separate educational facilities for black and white students were inherently unequal and violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This decision marked a significant turning point in the civil rights movement and led to the desegregation of schools across the United States.
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How did Martin Luther King, Jr advance the cause of civil rights?
Martin Luther King, Jr. advanced the cause of civil rights through various methods and actions. Here are some steps in the process:
1. Leadership: King emerged as a prominent leader in the civil rights movement, advocating for nonviolent protest and civil disobedience as a means to achieve equality.
2. Montgomery Bus Boycott: In 1955, King played a pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a successful protest against segregated seating on public buses in Montgomery, Alabama.
3. Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC): In 1957, King helped establish the SCLC, a leading organization in the civil rights movement that aimed to coordinate and support nonviolent protests.
4. Letter from Birmingham Jail: While jailed in Birmingham, Alabama in 1963, King wrote a famous letter defending nonviolent resistance to racism and calling for justice and equality.
5. March on Washington: In 1963, King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington, where he called for an end to racism and discrimination.
6. Civil Rights Act of 1964: King was instrumental in lobbying for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
7. Voting Rights Act of 1965: King also played a key role in the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which aimed to eliminate barriers to voting for African Americans.
8. Nobel Peace Prize: In 1964, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to promote civil rights through nonviolent means.
These are just a few examples of how Martin Luther King, Jr. advanced the cause of civil rights through his leadership, activism, and advocacy for equality and justice.