Which statement MOST accurately represents the Kingdom of Silla?
(1 point)
Responses
The Silla were economically and culturally advanced.
The Silla were economically and culturally advanced.
The Silla's powerful military helped to defeat the Mongols in China.
The Silla's powerful military helped to defeat the Mongols in China.
The Silla adapted a government similar to the Japanese feudal system.
The Silla adapted a government similar to the Japanese feudal system.
Art and architecture of the Silla culture can be seen throughout China.
Art and architecture of the Silla culture can be seen throughout China.
The Silla were economically and culturally advanced.
How did Ming emperors try to erase Mongol influence on China? Select the two correct answers.
(1 point)
Responses
They restored the civil service system.
They restored the civil service system.
They embraced foreign trade.
They embraced foreign trade.
They became suspicious of foreign visitors.
They became suspicious of foreign visitors.
They rejected Confucian values.
They rejected Confucian values.
They moved the capital to Hangzhou.
They moved the capital to Hangzhou.
They restored the civil service system.
They became suspicious of foreign visitors.
How did the Japanese imperial court system of appointing government officials lead to the rise of the Fujiwara family?
(4 points)
The Japanese imperial court system of appointing government officials allowed the Fujiwara family to rise to power because:
1. The Fujiwara family members were often appointed as high-ranking government officials, including regents and chancellors, due to their close relationship with the imperial family.
2. Through these powerful positions, the Fujiwara family was able to influence and control government policies and decisions, effectively consolidating their power and wealth.
3. The system of imperial court appointments favored hereditary succession of important government positions, allowing the Fujiwara family to pass down their influence and authority from one generation to the next.
4. By marrying their daughters into the imperial family, the Fujiwara family further solidified their control and influence over the court, ensuring that they remained central figures in Japanese politics and society.
Describe feudal Japanese society. What were the roles of shoguns, samurai, daimyo, and peasants?
(4 points)
Feudal Japanese society was characterized by a rigid social hierarchy with distinct roles for different classes.
1. Shoguns: The shoguns were military leaders who held the real political power in Japan during the feudal period. They were appointed by the emperor but effectively ruled the country, commanding the samurai warriors and overseeing the governance of the land. The shoguns were the highest-ranking military officials and held significant authority over the daimyo.
2. Samurai: The samurai were a warrior class who served as the military elite in feudal Japan. They followed a strict code of honor called bushido, which emphasized loyalty, bravery, and self-discipline. Samurai were employed by the daimyo to protect their lands and maintain order. They were skilled in combat and warfare, and their loyalty was primarily to their lord.
3. Daimyo: The daimyo were powerful landowners and feudal lords who controlled vast estates in Japan. They were vassals to the shogun and were responsible for governing their territories, collecting taxes, and providing protection for the peasants living on their land. Daimyo had their own samurai warriors who served under them and fought on their behalf.
4. Peasants: Peasants made up the largest segment of feudal Japanese society. They were farmers who worked the land and produced food for themselves and the ruling classes. Peasants had limited rights and lived a life of hard labor, often struggling to survive. They were at the bottom of the social hierarchy and were expected to pay taxes to the daimyo in exchange for protection and use of the land.
Overall, feudal Japanese society was highly stratified, with each class having a specific role and responsibilities that contributed to the stability and functioning of the feudal system.
Compare and contrast the Chinese government bureaucracy under the Tang and Song dynasties. How was it similar? How did it differ?
(4 points)
The Chinese government bureaucracy under the Tang and Song dynasties both shared similarities and had differences in their structure and organization.
Similarities:
1. Civil Service Examination System: Both the Tang and Song dynasties utilized the civil service examination system to appoint government officials based on merit rather than noble birth. This system allowed individuals from all social classes to enter the government and contribute to the administration of the empire.
2. Centralized Administration: Both dynasties had a centralized government structure with a strong bureaucracy that managed various aspects of governance, including taxation, public works, and military affairs. The civil service system played a crucial role in maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness of the government.
Differences:
1. Size and Complexity: The Tang dynasty had a larger and more complex bureaucracy compared to the Song dynasty. The Tang dynasty employed a larger number of officials to administer its vast empire, which led to a more elaborate system of government administration.
2. Scholar-Official Class: The Song dynasty placed a greater emphasis on the scholar-official class, who were well-educated and deeply knowledgeable in Confucian teachings. This led to a more scholarly approach to governance and policymaking, with an emphasis on ethical leadership and moral principles.
3. Examination System Reforms: The Song dynasty implemented reforms to the civil service examination system, including the introduction of new examination formats and the inclusion of more literary and Confucian subjects. These changes aimed to elevate the status of scholars and officials and promote the values of Neo-Confucianism in government.
In summary, while both the Tang and Song dynasties shared the use of the civil service examination system and a centralized administration, they differed in the size and complexity of their bureaucracies, the role of the scholar-official class, and the specific reforms implemented in the examination system.
Choose one of the following belief systems and describe its characteristics:
Buddhism
Confucianism
Daoism
Shinto
Consider the following questions while writing your response:
Where is this belief system practiced?
Is it a religion or a philosophy?
What are some of its key ideas?
How has it influenced the cultures who follow its teachings?