Question

DNA REPLICATION

Answer 1

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

DNA replication is the process by which a cell produces an identical copy of its DNA. This process is crucial for cell division and passing genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle and involves three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.

During initiation, the DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two strands at the origin of replication. Enzymes called helicases unwind and separate the DNA strands, while other enzymes called DNA polymerases begin adding new nucleotides to each strand.

In the elongation phase, the DNA polymerase continues to add complementary nucleotides to each strand, resulting in two daughter DNA molecules that are identical to the original DNA molecule.

Finally, in the termination phase, the DNA replication process is completed, and the two daughter DNA molecules are fully formed. The newly replicated DNA molecules can then be used for cell division or other cellular processes.

Overall, DNA replication is a highly accurate and essential process for maintaining genetic information and ensuring the proper functioning of cells. Any errors or mutations that occur during DNA replication can lead to genetic disorders and diseases.