Describe the placenta and its functions.
The placenta is a temporary organ that develops during pregnancy and is attached to the lining of the uterus. It is rich in blood vessels and acts as a connection between the mother and developing fetus. The placenta is responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the fetus, as well as removing waste products and carbon dioxide from the fetus's bloodstream.
In addition to nutrient and gas exchange, the placenta also produces hormones that help to support the pregnancy and coordinate the growth and development of the fetus. These hormones include progesterone, estrogen, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
The placenta also acts as a barrier, protecting the fetus from harmful substances such as bacteria and some medications. It filters out some substances that could be harmful to the fetus and helps to regulate the transfer of nutrients and waste products between the mother and fetus.
Overall, the placenta plays a crucial role in supporting a healthy pregnancy and ensuring the well-being of the developing fetus.