How were Incan commoners grouped within their social class?
Incan commoners were grouped within their social class based on their occupation and familial relationships. Commoners were divided into two main groups: the ayllu and the panaca.
1. Ayllu: The ayllu was the basic unit of Incan society and consisted of a group of families (usually related) who lived and worked together on communal land. Each ayllu was led by a local chief, or kuraka, who was responsible for allocating land, organizing labor, and settling disputes within the group. Ayllus were organized hierarchically based on their economic and social standing, with wealthier families typically holding more prestigious positions within the ayllu.
2. Panaca: The panaca was a larger kinship group made up of several ayllus that were related by descent from a common ancestor. Panacas were often associated with noble or royal lineages, and members of these groups held higher status and privileges within Incan society. The panaca played an important role in maintaining social cohesion and solidarity among commoners, as well as ensuring the transmission of cultural traditions and values across generations.
Overall, Incan commoners were grouped within their social class based on their occupation, familial relationships, and social standing within their respective ayllu or panaca.