Which historical factors contributed to the establishment of the modern state of Israel?
A. The rescue of Jewish troops from France
B. The attempted genocide of European Jews in the Holocaust
C. The successful Reconquista of Spain
D. The failure of the Crusades
B. The attempted genocide of European Jews in the Holocaust
B. The attempted genocide of European Jews in the Holocaust was a major factor that led to the establishment of the modern state of Israel. The horrors of the Holocaust and the widespread anti-Semitism in Europe during that time convinced many Jewish people that they needed a safe homeland where they could be protected. This played a significant role in the international support for the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine, which led to the establishment of Israel in 1948.