How was apartheid different from the racism that existed before, in colonial South Africa?

Question

How was apartheid different from the racism that existed before, in colonial South Africa?

Apartheid went beyond a policy of segregation by taking land away from Black South Africans.

Apartheid was the same as the policy of segregation that existed before, but it had a new name now that colonialism was over.

Apartheid went beyond a policy of segregation to legally categorize people using different levels of rights.

Apartheid was the same as the policy of segregation that existed before, but was now more openly discussed as it had been given a proper name.

Answer 1

Apartheid was different from the racism that existed before in colonial South Africa because it went beyond a policy of segregation to establish a system of institutionalized discrimination and oppression. Apartheid laws categorized people based on their race and assigned different levels of rights and privileges to different racial groups. In addition, apartheid included forcibly removing Black South Africans from their lands and segregating them into impoverished, overcrowded townships. This level of systematic discrimination and segregation was a unique and extreme form of racism that had not existed in the same way before in colonial South Africa.