I need help answering there question, here are the questions and responses.
Question 21(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(03.02 MC)
When kelp plants in coral reefs are exposed to sunlight, blue and red wavelengths of light are absorbed by the kelp. Energy from green wavelengths is lost to the kelp. Explain why this phenomenon does not violate the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Kelp are a closed system, so energy is allowed to exit the system.
The green wavelengths are reflected from the kelp, making them appear green.
Green wavelengths do not contain any energy, so its loss is acceptable.
The Law of Conservation of Energy does not apply to biological systems.
Question 22(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(01.01 MC)
What is the difference between science and non-science?
Science is absolute knowledge based on prediction and guessing
Science uses only absolute truths without evidence
There are no errors in science
Science looks for evidence of phenomena in the natural world
Question 23(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(03.02 LC)
Which of the following is an example of an open system?
A sealed aquarium containing plants and animals
The Earth
The ocean
A closed thermos
Question 24(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(1.01 LC)
Off of the coast of Florida, scientists are studying the effect of human activity on the local Atlantic Sailfish population. Marine chemists, marine biologists, marine geologists, and physical oceanographers are involved in the study. A scientist teaches students how to tag sailfish so that they can study the migratory patterns of adult sailfish. Which area of marine science are these students most likely studying?
Marine biology
Marine chemistry
Marine geology
Physical oceanography
Question 25(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(01.02 MC)
What differentiates science from pseudoscience?
Science uses engineering practices, and pseudoscience uses reliable data.
Science is only about things that have been proven, and pseudoscience is only about things that have been disproven.
Science involves broad, open questions, and pseudoscience involves smaller, testable questions.
Science uses testable hypotheses, and pseudoscience uses personal experience and opinions.
Question 26(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(02.06 LC)
What is the name of the process by which decomposers convert organic nitrogen to ammonia?
Ammonification
Denitrification
Fixation
Nitrification
Question 27(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(01.01 LC)
Up until 1938, paleontologists accepted the idea that coelacanths (an ancient fish) went extinct at the time that they last appear in the fossil record, about 80 million years ago. But in 1938, a live coelacanth was discovered off the coast of South Africa. What characteristic of science does this discovery represent?
Scientific ideas are not reliable.
Scientific ideas are always open to revision.
Scientists should not trust the work of other scientists.
Scientists should not seek new evidence once a scientific idea is proven.
Question 28(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(02.05 MC)
Due to human activity, the temperature of the ocean has increased to above normal conditions, causing coral bleaching to occur. What consequence on ocean ecosystems will this event most likely have?
Larger animals, like marine mammals, must adapt to new sources of food.
More sediment in the water blocks sunlight from reaching the reef system.
Reef food webs are being disrupted and significantly losing biodiversity.
The water is becoming more acidic, causing shells of plankton to weaken.
Question 29(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(01.01 LC)
What is a scientific hypothesis?
A collection of data that generates a scientific observation
A final decision that describes a scientific model
A rigorous procedure that produces scientific data
A statement that tries to answer a scientific question
Question 30(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(01.01 MC)
A marine scientist collected data regarding the height of the tide at Clearwater Beach over the course of a week. The data is shown below. She concludes the tide will always be highest at night. Is she correct?
Tidal Height Vs. Time during January 17–24 at Clearwater Beach, FL
Day Low Tide High Tide
18-Jan 1:10 AM 6:39 PM
19-Jan 2:11 AM 7:40 PM
20-Jan 3:10 AM 8:37 PM
21-Jan 4:01 AM 9:28 PM
22-Jan 4:44 AM 10:14 PM
23-Jan 5:24 AM 10:55 PM
24-Jan 6:01 AM 11:33 PM
Yes; high tide is consistent and will always be highest after 6 pm.
Yes; the tide always rises between 12 pm and 6 pm and it will continue to do so.
No; high tide advances by 40 to 60 minutes each day, so it will eventually change.
No; the height of the tide is unpredictable from day to day.
Question 31(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(02.06 MC)
Nitrogen is naturally abundant in the atmosphere. Why are nitrogen fertilizers added to soil, despite the dangers they produce when they enter aquatic ecosystems?
Most organisms are not able to utilize N2.
Most organisms are not able to utilize ammonium.
Most organisms are not able to utilize nitrate.
Most organisms are not able to utilize NO3.
Question 32(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(03.03 LC)
Observe the following diagram. If the speed of the wave stays the same and the period decreases, what wave property would also decrease?
Diagram of a wave indicating time and pressure along with wavelength and amplitude shows that one cycle is 0.5 second and the frequency is equal to 2 cycles.
© 2016 NOAA
Wavelength
Frequency
Wave height
Amplitude
Question 33(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(02.05.HC)
The graph below shows ocean data relating to climate change. As the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and in seawater increase, the pH of seawater decreases. Using the graph and your knowledge of marine science, what can you predict about the role of the ocean in affecting CO2 levels in the future and why?
Graph shows ocean data related to climate change. From 1960 to 2010 the amount of seawater carbon dioxide ranges from 315 to 380. From 1990 to 2010 the seawater pH ranges from 8.13 to 8.08 and the atmospheric carbon dioxide ranges from 8.13 to 8.30.
© 2015, Ocean Portal (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History)
The graph shows the beginning of a decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The ocean will absorb carbon dioxide from the air more rapidly as pH levels continue to decrease.
The graph indicates that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels will continue to increase. The ocean will absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, continuing to decrease in the pH levels.
The graph shows that increasing carbon dioxide levels in the ocean lead to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The ocean will produce carbon dioxide in higher levels.
The graph shows that the amount of carbon dioxide is increasing simultaneously in water and air. The pH levels will start to increase along with this trend.
To answer question 21, the correct response is: Kelp are a closed system, so energy is allowed to exit the system. This explains why the phenomenon does not violate the Law of Conservation of Energy.
For question 22, the correct response is: Science looks for evidence of phenomena in the natural world. This is what differentiates science from non-science.
Regarding question 23, the correct response is: The Earth is an example of an open system.
For question 24, the correct response is: Marine biology. The students studying how to tag sailfish to study migratory patterns are most likely involved in marine biology.
To answer question 25, the correct response is: Science uses testable hypotheses, and pseudoscience uses personal experience and opinions.
For question 26, the correct response is: Ammonification is the name of the process by which decomposers convert organic nitrogen to ammonia.
Regarding question 27, the correct response is: Scientific ideas are always open to revision. This is represented by the discovery of a live coelacanth off the coast of South Africa.
For question 28, the correct response is: Reef food webs are being disrupted and significantly losing biodiversity is the consequence on ocean ecosystems due to coral bleaching.
To answer question 29, the correct response is: A statement that tries to answer a scientific question is a scientific hypothesis.
For question 30, the correct response is: No; the height of the tide is unpredictable from day to day. The marine scientist's conclusion that high tide will always be highest at night is incorrect.
Regarding question 31, the correct response is: Most organisms are not able to utilize N2 is why nitrogen fertilizers are added to soil, despite the dangers they produce when they enter aquatic ecosystems.
For question 32, the correct response is: Frequency would also decrease if the speed of the wave stays the same and the period decreases.
Regarding question 33, the correct response is: The graph indicates that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels will continue to increase. The ocean will absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, continuing to decrease in the pH levels.