absolutism and Enlightenment unit test
1. What is absolutism?
a) A system of government where a single ruler has complete authority
b) A system of government where power is shared between the monarch and the nobility
c) A system of government where the people have the ultimate authority
d) A system of government where power is divided among different branches
Correct answer: a) A system of government where a single ruler has complete authority
2. Who is often considered the epitome of an absolutist ruler in European history?
a) Louis XIV of France
b) Peter the Great of Russia
c) Frederick the Great of Prussia
d) Maria Theresa of Austria
Correct answer: a) Louis XIV of France
3. What is the Enlightenment?
a) A time period characterized by a decline in intellectual thought and scientific progress
b) A period of religious revival and renewed faith in traditional beliefs
c) A philosophical movement emphasizing reason, science, and individualism
d) A cultural movement focused on promoting traditional values and social hierarchy
Correct answer: c) A philosophical movement emphasizing reason, science, and individualism
4. Who was a key figure of the Enlightenment known for his work in political philosophy, including his idea of a social contract?
a) John Locke
b) Thomas Hobbes
c) Voltaire
d) Denis Diderot
Correct answer: a) John Locke
5. How did the Enlightenment influence political thought during the 18th century?
a) It promoted the idea of absolute monarchy and divine right of kings
b) It advocated for the separation of powers and the protection of individual rights
c) It supported traditional hierarchical structures and inequality
d) It reinforced the authority of the church and religious dogma
Correct answer: b) It advocated for the separation of powers and the protection of individual rights
6. How did the Enlightenment impact society and culture during the 18th century?
a) It led to increased censorship and suppression of intellectual freedom
b) It sparked revolutionary movements and calls for political reform
c) It reinforced traditional beliefs and values
d) It had no significant impact on society and culture
Correct answer: b) It sparked revolutionary movements and calls for political reform