(6 points) What were the causes of the American and French Revolutions? (Explain at least 2 causes)
American Revolution:
1. Taxation without representation: The American colonies were subject to heavy taxation by the British government without having any representation in Parliament to have a say in how those taxes were imposed. This lack of representation and voice in government led to growing resentment and frustration among the colonists, eventually fueling the desire for independence.
2. Restrictions on trade and commerce: The British government imposed various laws and regulations that restricted the ability of the American colonies to engage in free trade and commerce. This hindered economic growth and development in the colonies, leading to increased discontent and a desire for more autonomy from British control.
French Revolution:
1. Social inequality and injustice: French society was deeply divided into three estates, with the clergy and nobility enjoying significant privileges and wealth, while the majority of the population, the Third Estate, faced poverty, oppression, and lack of representation. This stark social inequality and injustice led to growing resentment and anger among the common people, fueling the desire for change and revolution.
2. Economic crisis: France was facing severe economic problems, with high taxes, food scarcity, and widespread poverty causing hardship for the majority of the population. The financial crisis was exacerbated by the extravagant spending of the monarchy, leading to a lack of trust in the government and calls for reform and change. These economic grievances played a significant role in sparking the French Revolution.