describe risk factors of schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by infection with Schistosoma parasites. The following are some risk factors that increase the likelihood of contracting the disease:
1. Poor sanitation and lack of access to clean water: People living in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water are at a higher risk of coming into contact with contaminated water sources that harbor the parasite.
2. Agricultural practices: Farmers and agricultural workers who come into contact with infected water sources, such as rice paddies or canals, are at increased risk of schistosomiasis.
3. Swimming or bathing in contaminated water: Activities such as swimming or bathing in freshwater bodies that are infested with the parasite can increase the risk of infection.
4. Occupation: Certain occupations, such as fishermen, irrigation workers, and miners, may have a higher risk of schistosomiasis due to frequent exposure to contaminated water.
5. Travel to endemic areas: Travelers visiting regions where schistosomiasis is endemic are at risk of contracting the disease if they come into contact with contaminated water sources.
6. Lack of proper hygiene practices: Poor hygiene practices, such as not washing hands before eating or after using the toilet, can increase the risk of schistosomiasis transmission.
7. Age and gender: Children are more susceptible to schistosomiasis due to their lower immunity and higher likelihood of engaging in activities that increase exposure to contaminated water. Additionally, males are more commonly affected by the disease compared to females.
8. Pre-existing health conditions: People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or malnutrition, are at a higher risk of severe complications from schistosomiasis.