Schisteosomiasis
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a parasitic disease caused by parasitic worms of the Schistosoma genus. The disease is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and water hygiene.
Schistosomiasis is transmitted through contact with contaminated water sources, such as rivers, lakes, and streams, where the parasite's larvae (cercariae) are released from infected freshwater snails. When a person comes into contact with the contaminated water, the larvae penetrate the skin and migrate to the blood vessels, where they mature into adult worms and reproduce.
The symptoms of schistosomiasis vary depending on the species of Schistosoma causing the infection, but common symptoms include fever, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blood in the urine or stool. Chronic infection can lead to more severe complications, such as liver damage, kidney failure, and bladder cancer.
Preventive measures for schistosomiasis include avoiding contact with contaminated water sources, using proper sanitation practices, and taking preventive medication in high-risk areas. Treatment typically involves the use of antiparasitic medications to kill the adult worms and alleviate symptoms.
Schistosomiasis is a major public health concern in many developing countries, and efforts to control and eliminate the disease are ongoing. Improving access to safe water, sanitation facilities, and healthcare services are important strategies in the fight against schistosomiasis.