1. What is Taxonomy?
2. Taxonomists study the diversity of organisms and use a system to organize them into groups in terms
of their
a. ____________________ b. _____________________
C. _____________________ d. _____________________
3. What system did Carolus Linnaeus come up with?
4. What is Binomial Nomenclature? Google
5. What does a Cladogram show.....in your words
Pg 2
6. List the 3 Domains
7. Which Domain contains Prokaryotes. Prokaryotes lack what?
8. What are the 2 types of Asexual Reproduction Prokaryotes use?
9. How did they first classify Bacteria. How are they classifying them now.
10. List the 4 shapes of Bacteria. Give the examples the book shows (4)
11. Why do you think Archaea are in their own Domain?
12. Give an example of Archaea.
13. Why are Bacteria so important to our Environment?
14. If Bacteria help return Carbon to the atmosphere, how is that helpful to us?
Hint: Photosynthesis
Pg 3 Eukarya - Domain
15. What are the 4 kingdoms of Eukarya?
a. B.
C. d.
16. Protista Kingdom - List Characteristics ex: Reproduction, Cell type (Pro/Eukaryotic) , Obtain
food/nutrients, Give examples of Protists, Structures for Movement
17. List the 3 examples of Fungi ______________________, _____________________, _______________
18. Fungi are mainly_________________, _________________ eukaryotes. Fungi do not
__________________________.
19. Explain why the cells of Fungi make them more Animal-like.
20. Which Fungi do humans eat ____________________, make bread and ferment alcohol
_____________.
21. Some fungi produce antibiotics like _________________ and ________________,
which have proved extremely useful in medicine as cures for _____________ diseases.
22. List 3 fungi that are harmful.
23. fungi can reproduce either ____________ or asexually by ____________,_________,
or ____________.
24. Explain how lichens and mycorrhiza exist in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship.
25. The ___________________________ is divided into numerous
____________ instead of phyla. Classification is based on plant
____________ and mechanisms of ________________.
26. What is meant by plants having vascular tissue?
27. What are the two Divisions of plants by Reproduction?
28. What are the two Superdivisions of Spermatophyta?
29. Coniferophyta (gymnosperms) are what type of plants, in terms of
Reproduction?
30. flowering plants, ___________________ (also called
________________) is further divided into two classes based on the
structure of their seeds, monocots and dicots.
31. What are monocots and dicots?
32. Give examples of Nonvascular plants.
33. What Division are Conifers in and list examples.
34. Angiosperms produce seeds from their ______________________.
35. Give examples of monocots
36.Give examples of dicots.
Pg 5 Animal Kingdom
37.The criteria used to classify animals include ________________, the
number and organization of _____________________, and
_______________________ of various animals. The comparison of
animal ___________________.
38.Which phylum contain Sponges?
39. Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterates) Give examples of this phylum and explain Radial
Symmetry.
40.What Phylum are flatworms? Give examples. What is bilateral
symmetry
41. Phylum Nematoda are known as ___________________?
42.Give an example of a Nematode that is Parasitic.
43.Segmented worms are in which Phylum? Give examples.
44. List examples of the Phylum Molluska.
45.List examples of the Phylum Echinodermata.
46. List examples of the Phylum Arthropoda.
47. What animals are in the Phylum Chordata?
48. Phylum Primate, give examples and list characteristics.
1. Taxonomy is the science of classification of living organisms.
2. Taxonomists study the diversity of organisms and use a system to organize them into groups in terms of their:
a. Physical characteristics
b. Genetic similarities
c. Evolutionary relationships
d. Habitat preferences
3. Carolus Linnaeus came up with the system of Binomial Nomenclature.
4. Binomial Nomenclature is the system of naming species with a two-part Latin name, consisting of the genus name and species name.
5. A Cladogram shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms in a visual way, based on their shared characteristics and common ancestors.
6. The 3 Domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
7. The Domain Bacteria contains Prokaryotes. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus.
8. The 2 types of Asexual Reproduction Prokaryotes use are Binary Fission and Budding.
9. They first classified Bacteria based on characteristics like shape and habitat, but now they are classifying them based on genetic similarities.
10. The 4 shapes of Bacteria are cocci (round), bacilli (rod-shaped), spirilli (spiral), and vibrio (comma-shaped).
11. Archaea are in their own Domain because they have unique genetic and biochemical characteristics that set them apart from Bacteria and Eukarya.
12. An example of Archaea is Methanogens.
13. Bacteria are important to our environment because they play a crucial role in nutrient cycling, decomposition, and maintaining ecological balance.
14. Bacteria help return carbon to the atmosphere through processes like respiration and decomposition, which is helpful to us because it allows plants to photosynthesize and produce oxygen.
15. The 4 kingdoms of Eukarya are:
a. Protista
b. Fungi
c. Plantae
d. Animalia
16. Protists reproduce sexually or asexually, are mostly unicellular eukaryotes, obtain food through photosynthesis or ingestion, examples include algae and protozoa, and they have structures for movement like flagella or cilia.
17. The 3 examples of Fungi are mushrooms, molds, and yeast.
18. Fungi are mainly heterotrophic eukaryotes. Fungi do not photosynthesize.
19. The cells of Fungi make them more Animal-like because they have chitin in their cell walls, similar to the exoskeleton of insects.
20. Humans eat mushrooms, make bread and ferment alcohol with yeasts.
21. Some fungi produce antibiotics like penicillin and streptomycin, which have proved extremely useful in medicine as cures for bacterial diseases.
22. Three harmful fungi are ringworm, athlete's foot, and black mold.
23. Fungi can reproduce sexually or asexually by spores, budding, or fragmentation.
24. Lichens and mycorrhiza exist in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship where the fungus provides nutrients to the plant, and the plant provides carbohydrates to the fungus.
25. The Plantae is divided into numerous divisions instead of phyla. Classification is based on plant structure and mechanisms of reproduction.
26. Vascular tissue in plants helps transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.
27. The two Divisions of plants by Reproduction are Nonvascular and Vascular.
28. The two Superdivisions of Spermatophyta are Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
29. Coniferophyta (Gymnosperms) are seed plants that reproduce with exposed seeds.
30. Flowering plants, Angiosperms, is further divided into two classes based on the structure of their seeds, monocots and dicots.
31. Monocots have one cotyledon (seed leaf) and dicots have two cotyledons.
32. Examples of Nonvascular plants include mosses and liverworts.
33. Conifers are in the Division Coniferophyta, examples include pine and spruce trees.
34. Angiosperms produce seeds from their flowers.
35. Examples of monocots are lilies, orchids, and grasses.
36. Examples of dicots are roses, beans, and sunflowers.
37. The criteria used to classify animals include body structure, the number and organization of body parts, and behavior of various animals. The comparison of animal anatomy.
38. Sponges are in the phylum Porifera.
39. Examples of Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterates) are jellyfish and corals. Radial symmetry means that the body parts of an organism are arranged around a central axis, like spokes on a wheel.
40. Flatworms are in Phylum Platyhelminthes. Examples include planarians and tapeworms. Bilateral symmetry means that the body of an organism can be divided into two equal halves.
41. Phylum Nematoda are known as roundworms.
42. An example of a parasitic Nematode is the hookworm.
43. Segmented worms are in Phylum Annelida. Examples include earthworms and leeches.
44. Examples of Phylum Mollusca are snails, clams, and octopuses.
45. Examples of Phylum Echinodermata are starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers.
46. Examples of Phylum Arthropoda are insects, spiders, and crustaceans.
47. Animals in the Phylum Chordata include vertebrates like mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
48. Phylum Primate includes monkeys, apes, and humans. Characteristics include opposable thumbs, forward-facing eyes, and larger brains compared to other mammals.