A standard deck of 52 cards has four suits (clubs, spades, hearts, and diamonds) with 13 cards in each suit. You randomly chose two chards, one at a a time, without placing the first card back into the deck before choosing the second card. What is the probability of choosing a spade as the second card given the first card chosen is a spade?
After choosing the first spade, there are only 12 spades left in the deck and a total of 51 cards remaining. Therefore, the probability of choosing a spade as the second card is 12/51, which simplifies to 4/17 or approximately 0.2353.
