"…[The] said Cooper Hughs Freedman with his wife…are to work on said farm and to cultivate forty acres in corn and twenty acres in cotton, to assist in putting the fences on said farm in good order and to keep them so and to do all other work on said farm necessary to be done to keep the same in good order and to raise a good crop and to be under the control and directions of said IG Bailey and to receive for their said services one half of the cotton and one third of the corn and fodder raised by them on said farm in said year 1867….And the said IG Bailey party of the first part, agrees and binds himself to furnish necessary Mules and farming implements to cultivate said crop…"
—Contract, Marshall County, Mississippi, 1867
Use the passage to answer the question.
What kind of arrangement is agreed to in this contract?
(1 point)
Responses
black codes
black codes
sharecropping
sharecropping
grandfather clause
sharecropping
During the period of Reconstruction in the United States after the Civil War, which term was used to describe Northern entrepreneurs who moved to the South to take advantage of economic opportunities?(1 point)
Responses
Radical Republicans
Radical Republicans
carpetbaggers
carpetbaggers
scalawags
carpetbaggers
"But no person who was, on January 1, 1866, or at any time prior thereto, entitled to vote under any form of government, or who at that time resided in some foreign nation, and no lineal descendant of such person, shall be denied the right to register and vote because of his inability to so read and write sections of such constitution."
We have difficulty in finding words to more clearly demonstrate the conviction we entertain that this standard has the characteristics which the Government attributes to it than does the mere statement of the text. It is true it contains no express words of an exclusion from the standard which it establishes of any person on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude prohibited by the Fifteenth Amendment, but the standard itself inherently brings that result into existence since it is based purely upon a period of time before the enactment of the Fifteenth Amendment and makes that period the controlling and dominant test of the right of suffrage."
—Guinn v. United States, 1915
Use the passage to answer the question.
Which voting practice did this Supreme Court decision address?
(1 point)
Responses
grandfather clause
grandfather clause
poll tax
poll tax
literacy test
grandfather clause
Question
In the text, you read this about the South's economic situation after the war:
Economic conditions in the South were far worse than in the North. Confederate soldiers had little chance of taking up where they had left off. In some areas, every house, barn, and bridge had been destroyed. Two thirds of the South's railroad tracks had been turned into twisted heaps of scrap. The cities of Columbia, Richmond, and Atlanta had been leveled.
The war wrecked the South's financial system. After the war, Confederate money was worthless. People who had loaned money to the Confederacy were never repaid.
Use the passage to answer the question.
Why would the loss of farms make it especially difficult for the Southern economy to recover?
(1 point)
Responses
Most Southerners could not afford to rebuild their farms.
Most Southerners could not afford to rebuild their farms.
The Southern economy was largely based on agriculture.
The Southern economy was largely based on agriculture.
The South would not be able to grow surplus crops for sale.
The Southern economy was largely based on agriculture.
What was a significant issue faced by many laborers and factory workers during the time period around the Civil War in the United States?(1 point)
Responses
Unsafe working conditions
Unsafe working conditions
Generous benefits
Generous benefits
Short working hours
Unsafe working conditions
What general principle was established with the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision?(1 point)
Responses
States could not prevent African Americans from voting.
States could not prevent African Americans from voting.
States could be punished with decreased congressional representation if they did not allow African Americans to vote.
States could be punished with decreased congressional representation if they did not allow African Americans to vote.
States could require separate facilities for African Americans as long as the facilities were equal.
States could require separate facilities for African Americans as long as the facilities were equal.