What is the definition of these words?
1. Caravel
2. Circumnavigate
3. Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Conquistador
6. Capitalism
7. Joint-Stock Company
8. Northwest Passage
9. Encomienda
10. Hacienda
11. Indentured Servant
12. Mestizo
13. Viceroy
14. Viceroyalties
1. Caravel: a small, fast sailing ship developed by the Portuguese in the 15th century, commonly used for long-distance maritime exploration.
2. Circumnavigate: to sail or travel all the way around something, especially the globe.
3. Columbian Exchange: the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.
4. Mercantilism: an economic policy that aims to increase a nation's wealth by controlling trade and accumulating precious metals, usually through the establishment of colonies.
5. Conquistador: a Spanish conqueror or adventurer in the Americas during the Age of Exploration.
6. Capitalism: an economic system characterized by private ownership of the means of production, market competition, and profit motive.
7. Joint-Stock Company: a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders.
8. Northwest Passage: a hypothetical sea route through the Arctic that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, sought by European explorers for centuries.
9. Encomienda: a legal system granted by the Spanish crown to settlers in the Americas, giving them the right to demand tribute and labor from the indigenous inhabitants.
10. Hacienda: a large estate or plantation in Spanish-speaking countries, typically used for farming or ranching.
11. Indentured Servant: a person who agrees to work for a specified period of time in exchange for passage to a new colony or other benefits.
12. Mestizo: a person of mixed European and indigenous American descent.
13. Viceroy: a royal official who governed a colony or province on behalf of a monarch in the Spanish and Portuguese empires.
14. Viceroyalties: administrative divisions within the Spanish and Portuguese empires, overseen by viceroys.