Ocean ecosystems are sensitive to the chemical composition of the water. Any excess compounds can upset the balance and cause damage to organisms
living within that ecosystem. For example, an increase in nutrient levels, such as nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural runoff, can lead to algal blooms. These blooms can block sunlight from reaching underwater plants, deplete oxygen levels, and release toxins harmful to marine life.
Similarly, pollutants such as oil spills can have devastating effects on ocean ecosystems. Oil can coat the feathers of seabirds, making it difficult for them to fly and stay warm. It can also contaminate the food sources of marine animals, leading to illness and death.
Acidification of ocean water due to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can also have detrimental effects on marine life. As the pH of the water decreases, shell-forming organisms like corals and shellfish struggle to build their protective structures, making them more vulnerable to predators and environmental changes.
Overall, it is crucial to monitor and control the chemical composition of ocean water to protect the delicate balance of these ecosystems and ensure the health and survival of marine organisms.