How does a heater in one corner of a fish aquarium warm the whole aquarium?(1 point) Responses The heater warms the glass of the aquarium, which warms the water. The heater warms the glass of the aquarium, which warms the water. The heater adds thermal energy evenly to the aquarium’s water. The heater adds thermal energy evenly to the aquarium’s water. The heater creates convection currents, which transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water toward the heater. The heater creates convection currents, which transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water toward the heater. The heater warms the air above the aquarium, which warms the water.
The correct response is: The heater creates convection currents, which transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water toward the heater.
What happens when a cold spoon is placed in hot soup?(1 point) Responses The soup’s molecules have the same kinetic energy as the spoon’s molecules, so there is no transfer of thermal energy. The soup’s molecules have the same kinetic energy as the spoon’s molecules, so there is no transfer of thermal energy. The soup’s molecules have more potential energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon. The soup’s molecules have more potential energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon. The soup’s molecules have more kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon. The soup’s molecules have more kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon. The spoon’s molecules have less kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the soup
The correct response is: The soup’s molecules have more kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon.
In 1–2 sentences, describe the relationship between heat and thermal insulators.
Heat and thermal insulators are related in that thermal insulators are materials that are good at preventing the transfer of heat. They work by reducing the flow of heat energy through conduction, convection, and radiation, helping to maintain a consistent temperature in a given space.
When thermal energy is applied to ice, the ice’s temperature rises until 0° C and then stays the same for a period of time. In 1–2 sentences, explain why this takes place.
This takes place because when thermal energy is applied to ice, the energy is used to break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules in place rather than raising the temperature of the ice. Once all the hydrogen bonds are broken and the ice melts into liquid water at 0° C, the temperature remains constant as the energy is used for the phase change rather than increasing the temperature.
A pot of water is being heated on the stovetop. The water molecules closest to the burner rise in the pot when they gain thermal energy. In 1–2 sentences, explain why the water rises.(2 points)
The water rises because the heated water molecules near the bottom of the pot become less dense as they gain thermal energy, causing them to rise. This creates convection currents as the warmer, less dense water rises and the cooler, denser water sinks.
A baker uses oven mitts to open an oven, take a loaf of bread out, and place it on a plate. In 3–4 sentences, identify three examples of thermal energy transfer in the scenario.(4 points)
