A stream runs through a mountain forest. Willow trees grow on each side of the stream. A small deer population feeds on the willows. Mountain trout rely on the willow shade for shelter. The apex predator in the forest is the mountain lion. The mountain lions primarily eat deer, but also eat rodents, and fish, as well as other prey species. Analyze the components of the ecosystem. What is the most likely outcome if the mountain lion population vanishes? (Hint- consider the importance of the willow tree.) (1 point)
The components of the ecosystem in this scenario are the stream, willow trees, small deer population, mountain trout, rodents, fish, other prey species, and the mountain lion.
If the mountain lion population vanishes from the ecosystem, it would have a significant impact on the other components. The small deer population, which is the primary prey of the mountain lion, would likely increase in numbers without their main predator. This could lead to overgrazing of the willow trees as the deer population feeds on them, not being controlled by the mountain lions.
The overgrazing of the willow trees could have a cascading effect on the ecosystem. Willow trees provide shade and shelter for the mountain trout, which rely on them for survival. Without the shade and shelter, the mountain trout population could decline as they become more vulnerable to predation and unfavorable environmental conditions.
Additionally, the mountain lion's absence means there would be less predation pressure on the rodent and fish populations, which could result in their population growth. This could lead to competition for resources and potentially disrupt the balance within the ecosystem.
In summary, if the mountain lion population vanishes, it is likely that the small deer population would increase, leading to overgrazing of the willow trees. This could then negatively impact the mountain trout population and potentially disrupt the stability of the ecosystem.