How is a volcanic eruption explained by convection?
1.) Super-heated magma, liquid rock, is created beneath Earth’s surface. The magma is lighter than the solid rock above it, so it
rises to collect in pockets toward the surface. As a pocket fills, the pressure increases, which causes the magma to form water
vapor and become super-heated steam. When the pressure of the rising steam is greater than the downward pressure of the
solid rock, it can break a vent through to the surface. There, the magma becomes lava, and cools. Cooled lava adds to the
downward pressure of solid rock, and the cycle repeats.
2.) Super-heated magma, liquid rock, is created beneath Earth’s surface. The magma is lighter than the solid rock above it, so the
solid rock forms a large cone around the magma to release pressure. When the pressure of the rising magma is greater than
the downward pressure of the solid rock, it fills the cone and forms a volcano. There, the magma becomes lava, and cools.
Cooled lava adds to the downward pressure of solid rock, and the cycle repeats.
3.) Super-heated magma, liquid rock, is created beneath Earth’s surface. Because it is created under a thick layer of solid rock,
the magma is under so much pressure that it explodes out of the earth’s mantle. When the explosion happens the pressure
lessens, so the magma can undergo a state change and become solid rock, and the cycle repeats.
4.) Super-heated magma, liquid rock, is created beneath Earth’s surface. The magma is lighter than the solid rock above it, so it
rises to collect in pockets toward the surface. As a pocket fills, the pressure inside increases. When the pressure of the rising
magma is greater than the downward pressure of the solid rock, the magma can break a vent through to the surface. There,
the magma becomes lava, and cools. Cooled lava adds to the downward pressure of solid rock, and the cycle repeats.
The correct explanation is:
4.) Super-heated magma, liquid rock, is created beneath Earth’s surface. The magma is lighter than the solid rock above it, so it rises to collect in pockets toward the surface. As a pocket fills, the pressure inside increases. When the pressure of the rising magma is greater than the downward pressure of the solid rock, the magma can break a vent through to the surface. There, the magma becomes lava, and cools. Cooled lava adds to the downward pressure of solid rock, and the cycle repeats.
A car’s radiator prevents the engine from overheating. How does it do this?
1.) The radiator pumps coolant in a continuous flow through the car’s engine. Heat from the engine is drawn into the coolant and pulled away from the engine block and back to the radiator. The radiator uses convection to spray the hot coolant liquid into the air outside.
2.) The radiator pumps coolant in a continuous flow through the car’s engine. Heat from the engine is drawn into the coolant and pulled away from the engine block and back to the radiator. The radiator becomes so hot that the coolant loses cohesion, becomes a gas, and is vented into the air outside.
3.) The radiator pumps coolant in a continuous flow through the car’s engine. Heat from the engine is drawn into the coolant and pulled away from the engine block and back to the radiator. The radiator’s contact with the car’s cool hood lets it use conduction to transfer heat from the coolant to the air outside.
4.) The radiator pumps coolant in a continuous flow through the car’s engine. Heat from the engine is drawn into the coolant and pulled away from the engine block and back to the radiator. The radiator emits heat waves that transfer heat from the coolant to the air outside.
The correct explanation is:
1.) The radiator pumps coolant in a continuous flow through the car’s engine. Heat from the engine is drawn into the coolant and pulled away from the engine block and back to the radiator. The radiator uses convection to spray the hot coolant liquid into the air outside.