Mutations occur when segments of DNA are accidentally rearranged through the deletion, insertion, or substitution of one or more nucleotides. The diagram below shows how a nucleotide sequence can be changed by these mutations.
If one or more of these mutations occurs in the genes of reproductive cells, how might the traits of offspring be affected?
They may receive a benefit.
They may be harmed.
They may not be affected at all.
The answer could be any of the options provided: They may receive a benefit, they may be harmed, or they may not be affected at all. The outcome would depend on the specific mutation and its effects on the function of the gene. Some mutations may result in beneficial changes, such as increased resistance to diseases or improved adaptation to the environment, which could be advantageous for the offspring. On the other hand, mutations can also lead to harmful effects, such as the loss of important gene function or the development of genetic disorders, which would be detrimental to the offspring. Additionally, some mutations may have no noticeable effect on the traits of the offspring if they occur in non-coding regions or do not alter the protein product of the gene.
