During what stage of product development are production costs estimated for a potential product?

Production costs are typically estimated during the early stages of product development. This estimation takes place after conceptualization and validation of the product idea, but before final design and manufacturing. This stage is often referred to as the "feasibility stage" or "concept development stage." At this point, the development team analyzes the product requirements, specifications, and manufacturing processes to estimate the cost of producing the product. These estimated costs are crucial in determining the overall viability and profitability of the product.