a
Move between living and non-living systems
b
Only found in abiotic factors
c
Created by living systems and do not return
d
They only move back and forth between living organisms
a) Move between living and non-living systems refers to the movement of nutrients, energy, and other components between living organisms and their environment. This includes processes such as the carbon cycle, water cycle, and nutrient cycling.
b) Only found in abiotic factors refers to components or processes that are exclusive to the non-living aspects of an ecosystem. These may include physical factors like temperature, sunlight, and soil composition, as well as abiotic processes like erosion and weathering.
c) Created by living systems and do not return refers to certain components or substances that are produced by living organisms but do not re-enter the ecosystem. An example of this is the release of methane gas by certain bacteria during anaerobic decomposition, which escapes into the atmosphere and does not go back into the ecosystem.
d) They only move back and forth between living organisms refers to the movement of certain substances or components that are exclusively transferred between different organisms. An example of this is the transfer of nutrients between a predator and its prey, or the exchange of genetic material thual reproduction.