What are macromolecules? List some common macromolecules found in the human body?
Macromolecules are large, complex molecules that are essential for functioning and maintaining the structure of living organisms. They are composed of several smaller subunits linked together through chemical bonds.
Common macromolecules found in the human body include:
1. Proteins: These are integral to cell structure, function, and regulation. Examples include enzymes, antibodies, and structural proteins like collagen.
2. Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that contain genetic information and play crucial roles in protein synthesis and the inheritance of traits.
3. Carbohydrates: These molecules serve as a primary energy source in the body and are found in sugars, starches, and fibers.
4. Lipids: Also known as fats, lipids have various functions such as energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure. Examples include triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol.
These macromolecules are responsible for the diverse range of biological processes that occur within the human body, contributing to its structure, function, and growth.