Explain what biome compromise most of Antarctica and why the continents as being part of this biome
Antarctica is primarily composed of the polar ice biome. The continent is classified as a polar desert, with the polar ice biome covering the majority of its area. This biome is dominant due to the extreme climatic conditions in Antarctica.
The polar ice biome is characterized by its extremely low temperatures and the presence of large ice sheets and glaciers. It is essentially a frozen landscape that is largely devoid of trees, shrubs, or other vegetation. The severity of the climate limits the ability of plants to grow, resulting in the absence of a diverse range of flora.
Despite the lack of terrestrial vegetation, the polar ice biome is home to a variety of animal species, such as penguins, seals, and several seabird species. These animals have adapted to the cold temperatures and rely on the abundant marine resources surrounding Antarctica for their survival.
The formation of the polar ice biome on Antarctica can be attributed to several factors. Its location at the southernmost point of the planet results in reduced sunlight and frigid temperatures. The continent is surrounded by the Southern Ocean, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the low temperatures and ensuring the accumulation of ice and snow. Additionally, Antarctica's isolation from other continents further contributes to its unique biome.
It is important to note that although Antarctica is part of the polar ice biome, it is not an integral part of the overall global biome system. This is because the extreme conditions of Antarctica significantly limit the exchange of flora and fauna with other biomes. The isolation and challenges imposed by the polar ice biome make it distinct from other biomes found on the planet.