------- believed that salvation is achieved through faith alone;
-------- believed that God predetermines who will be saved.
The first statement is associated with the Protestant belief of justification by faith alone, which is often attributed to Martin Luther. This belief emphasizes that a person's relationship with God and entrance into salvation are solely dependant on faith in Jesus Christ, rather than any works or actions performed by the individual.
The second statement refers to the doctrine of predestination, which is associated with the Reformed tradition and particularly with the teachings of John Calvin. According to this belief, God has predetermined or predestined certain individuals to be saved or damned even before they are born, and this decision is solely based on God's sovereign will.
It's worth mentioning that these beliefs are not universally held by all Christians, and different denominations and theological perspectives may have variations or alternative viewpoints on these topics.