It is estimated that 80% of all across sewage is untreated and flows directly into the Indians River and it is a major source of river pollution
and environmental degradation in India. The untreated sewage contains various pollutants such as harmful bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, chemicals, and organic matter.
This extensive flow of untreated sewage into the Indian River poses significant risks to human health and ecosystems. The bacteria and viruses present in untreated sewage can lead to waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, hepatitis, and diarrhea. These diseases are particularly hazardous to the communities that rely on the river for drinking water, bathing, and irrigation.
Furthermore, the chemicals and heavy metals present in untreated sewage can have detrimental effects on aquatic life and ecosystems. They can contaminate the water, disrupt the balance of the ecosystem, and even lead to the death of various aquatic organisms. The excessive organic matter in sewage can also cause eutrophication, depleting oxygen levels in the water and suffocating aquatic life.
River pollution from untreated sewage not only poses direct health risks but also affects the socio-economic aspects of communities living along the river. The polluted water impacts agriculture, fisheries, and tourism activities, leading to economic losses and reduced livelihood opportunities. Additionally, the polluted river water can create an unpleasant living environment and contribute to poor quality of life for those relying on it.
Addressing this issue requires significant investment in wastewater treatment infrastructure, improved sanitation practices, and public awareness campaigns. Efforts should focus on the proper collection, treatment, and disposal of sewage, as well as promoting responsible water usage and sustainable practices.
By ensuring that sewage is treated before entering rivers, the pollution levels can be mitigated, protecting both human health and the environment. Additionally, it is crucial to promote a shift towards sustainable water management practices to reduce the overall dependency on rivers for sewage disposal and ensure the long-term health and sustainability of India's water resources.