Harvesting of yam
Harvesting yams involves several steps to ensure the process is done correctly and the yams are in good condition. Here is a general guide on how to harvest yams:
1. Timing: Yams are typically harvested when the leaves turn yellow or brown, indicating that the yam tubers have reached maturity. This usually occurs between 6 to 9 months after planting, depending on the variety.
2. Prepare tools: Gather the necessary tools for harvesting, including a sharp digging fork, shovel, or spade. Make sure they are clean and in good condition.
3. Loosen the soil: Carefully use the tools to dig around the base of the yam plant, loosening the soil. Take care not to damage the tubers, as they may be easily bruised.
4. Lift the tubers: Gently lift the tubers up from the loosened soil. Be cautious not to break or damage them during this process.
5. Remove excess soil: Shake off any excess soil from the yam tubers. However, avoid washing them as it can reduce their storage life.
6. Cure the yams: Yams need to be cured to enhance their flavor and prolong their storage life. Lay them out in a warm, dry, and well-ventilated area for about 10 to 14 days. The curing process allows the yams to develop a tougher skin and convert the starches into sugars, resulting in sweeter and better-tasting yams.
7. Storage: Once cured, yams can be stored in a cool, dry, and dark place. This will help prevent them from sprouting and rotting. Avoid stacking or piling yams on top of each other, as this can lead to bruising and rotting.
Remember, these steps are general guidelines, and specific harvesting techniques may vary depending on the yam variety and local conditions. Always consult local experts or experienced farmers for more accurate instructions on how to harvest yams in your specific area.