The caste system is a hierarchical social structure that defines social stratification and assigns individuals to specific hereditary social groups called castes. It originated in ancient India and is based on the principles of social hierarchy, occupational specialization, and endogamy (marriage within one's own caste). Individuals are usually born into a specific caste, and their social, economic, and educational opportunities are largely determined by their caste membership. The caste system often perpetuates social inequality and discrimination, as individuals from lower castes face social, economic, and educational disadvantages compared to those from higher castes. Although the caste system has been officially abolished in India, it still continues to influence social relationships and practices.
