What is the greenhouse effect?

the cooling of the earth due to air pollution
the warming of a planet due to trapped radiation
the heating of a solid rock formation due to radiation from the sun

The greenhouse effect refers to the warming of a planet, including Earth, due to the trapping of certain gases in its atmosphere. These gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, allow sunlight to enter but prevent some of the outgoing heat from escaping back into space. This trapped heat leads to an increase in surface temperature, similar to how a greenhouse traps heat to create a warm environment for plants.