Steve Breen, “Israel Then and Now,” The San Diego Union-Tribune, 2018. 1. What are the historical circumstances, both “then” and “now,” surrounding this cartoon? 2. What is the purpose or message of this cartoon?

1. The historical circumstances "then" refer to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 following the end of British colonial rule in Palestine and the subsequent Arab-Israeli conflict. The cartoon may be referencing the early years of Israel's existence when it faced numerous challenges and conflicts with neighboring countries.

The historical circumstances "now" could refer to the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the various political, social, and territorial disputes that continue to shape the region.

2. The purpose or message of this cartoon may be to depict the stark contrast between the establishment of Israel and its present situation. It could be highlighting the resilience and progress made by Israel over the years, despite facing significant challenges. Additionally, the cartoon may be commenting on the complex nature of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the ongoing tensions and difficulties in finding a resolution.