What are the effects of s y s t i c f i b r o s i s
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a progressive genetic disorder that affects mostly the respiratory and digestive systems. The effects of cystic fibrosis can vary from person to person, but generally include:
1. Respiratory symptoms: CF causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, leading to recurrent lung infections, chronic cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Over time, these symptoms can cause lung damage and respiratory failure.
2. Digestive symptoms: CF affects the pancreas, leading to a deficiency in digestive enzymes. This can result in poor absorption of nutrients, malnutrition, and weight loss. It can also lead to intestinal blockage (meconium ileus in infants) and liver disease.
3. Sweat gland dysfunction: People with CF have elevated levels of salt in their sweat, which can lead to excessive salt loss during sweating, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances.
4. Sinusitis and nasal polyps: CF can cause chronic inflammation in the sinuses, leading to sinusitis and the growth of nasal polyps. This can result in nasal congestion, sinus pressure, and decreased sense of smell.
5. Infertility: Men with CF often have a reduced or absent vas deferens, which carries sperm from the testicles. This can cause infertility or make it difficult to conceive a child naturally.
6. Other complications: CF can also affect other parts of the body, such as the bones, causing osteoporosis, and the sweat glands, leading to heat intolerance. It can also increase the risk of developing diabetes and certain types of cancer.
The severity of these effects can vary depending on the individual's specific CF mutations and overall health. Early diagnosis, proper management, and advancements in medical treatments have improved life expectancy and quality of life for those with CF.