how can we make a ray of light bend toward the normal?
a. we can make it travel through glass
b. we can make it travel from air into glass
c. we can make it travel through water
d. we can make it travel from glass into air
To make a ray of light bend towards the normal, we can use the concept of refraction. Refraction occurs when light passes from one medium to another with a different refractive index. The refractive index is a measure of how much light is bent or refracted as it passes through a material.
Out of the given options:
a. We can make the ray of light bend towards the normal by making it travel through glass. Glass has a higher refractive index compared to air, causing the light to bend towards the normal when it enters the glass.
b. Similarly, we can make the ray of light bend towards the normal by making it travel from air into glass. As mentioned, the higher refractive index of glass causes the light to bend towards the normal upon entering the glass.
c. We can also achieve the same result by making the ray of light travel through water. Similar to glass, water has a higher refractive index compared to air, causing the light to bend towards the normal when it enters the water.
d. On the other hand, if the light travels from glass into air, it would bend away from the normal. This is because air has a lower refractive index compared to glass, leading to the bending of light away from the normal as it exits the glass.
Therefore, options a, b, and c are correct choices for making a ray of light bend towards the normal.