How do Penelope’s actions help develop the theme of loyalty in the Odyssey?
She does not marry one of the suitors.
She allows the suitors to take control of her home.
She weaves a burial shroud for her father in law, Laertes.
She organizes an archery contest.
Penelope’s actions in the Odyssey help develop the theme of loyalty by demonstrating her unwavering fidelity to her husband, Odysseus.
1. By not marrying one of the suitors: Penelope's refusal to marry any of the suitors who had taken over her home for years is a display of her loyalty to Odysseus. Despite the pressure and temptations from these suitors, Penelope remains steadfast in waiting for her husband's return, showing her loyalty and commitment to him.
2. By allowing the suitors to take control of her home: While on the surface it may seem contradictory, Penelope's decision to let the suitors reside in her home is strategic. By allowing them to stay, she gains information about their characters and intentions, which helps her to protect her husband's interests and maintain his power in his absence. This action reveals her loyalty to Odysseus' kingdom and legacy.
3. By weaving a burial shroud for her father-in-law, Laertes: Penelope's act of creating and then unraveling the burial shroud for Laertes showcases her ingenuity and loyalty. She cleverly uses this task as a means to delay the suitors' advances, buying more time for Odysseus to come back and reclaim his home. It also reflects her loyalty to her deceased father-in-law by fulfilling her duties as a daughter-in-law.
4. By organizing an archery contest: Penelope's idea to arrange an archery contest as a way to test the suitors' worthiness is another demonstration of her loyalty to Odysseus and her desire to maintain his reputation. She knows that only Odysseus, in disguise as a beggar, can fulfill the archery challenge, and by doing so, she ensures that only the rightful ruler can reclaim his kingdom. This act displays her loyalty to Odysseus as she actively works towards his return and the restoration of his rightful authority.
Through these actions, Penelope's loyalty and dedication to her husband and his kingdom are consistently emphasized, highlighting the theme of loyalty throughout the Odyssey.