Intermolecular bonding refers to the attractive forces or interactions that occur between molecules. These interactions are weaker than the intramolecular (covalent, ionic, and metallic) bonds that hold atoms together within a molecule. Intermolecular bonding occurs between molecules due to various forces, such as dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, London dispersion forces, and ion-dipole interactions. These forces play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances, such as boiling point, melting point, solubility, and viscosity.
