2. Prepare a brief written report of about 400 words, in which you include the following information.
2.1 Which endocrine gland secretes the hormone, that, by under- or over-secretion, causes the disorder?
2.2 Where in the human body is this endocrine gland located?
2.3 Define the endocrine disorder.
2.4 Suggest possible causes of the disorder.
2.5 Describe the effects of the disorder on the human body.
2.6 What treatments are currently available for this disorder?
3. Include a comprehensive bibliography to reference the source of the information in your written report.
2.1 The endocrine gland that secretes the hormone causing the disorder is the thyroid gland.
2.2 The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck, just below the Adam's apple.
2.3 The endocrine disorder associated with the thyroid gland is known as hypothyroidism.
2.4 Hypothyroidism can have various causes. The most common cause is an autoimmune condition called Hashimoto's thyroiditis, where the immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the thyroid gland. Other possible causes include radiation therapy, certain medications, congenital defects, and surgical removal of the thyroid gland.
2.5 Hypothyroidism affects the body in several ways. It slows down metabolism, leading to weight gain, fatigue, and increased sensitivity to cold. It can also cause constipation, dry skin, and hair loss. Cognitive function may be affected, resulting in brain fog, forgetfulness, and depression. In severe cases, hypothyroidism can lead to a condition called myxedema coma, which is a life-threatening emergency.
2.6 The treatment for hypothyroidism typically involves hormone replacement therapy. The synthetic thyroid hormone, levothyroxine, is prescribed to replace the deficient thyroid hormone. The dosage is adjusted based on blood test results and the individual's symptoms. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels is necessary to ensure the proper dosage. In addition to medication, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a balanced diet can also help manage the symptoms of hypothyroidism.
Bibliography:
1. American Thyroid Association. (n.d.). Hypothyroidism. Retrieved from https://www.thyroid.org/hypothyroidism/
2. Mayo Clinic. (2021, June 29). Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20350284
3. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2017, January). Hypothyroidism. Retrieved from https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/hypothyroidism