Which of the following is a geographic concern that would play the biggest role in planning new transportation infrastructure.

understanding population distribution and physical geography between population centers.
understanding ways to allocate oil between various states in times of crisis.
understanding how to use taxes and subsidies to generate funding for large public works projects.
understanding the climate impacts of using fossil fuels for the generation of electricity.

Understanding population distribution and physical geography between population centers is the geographic concern that would play the biggest role in planning new transportation infrastructure. This is because population distribution and physical geography determine the location and density of transportation routes and hubs. By understanding these factors, planners can efficiently connect population centers and ensure that transportation infrastructure is accessible to the appropriate regions and populations. Additionally, physical geography can present challenges such as difficult terrain or natural barriers, which need to be considered in the planning process.